Linux Toolbox

1. Networking

Basic Commands

ifconfig: Displays network interface configuration.
ping: Tests connectivity between two hosts.
traceroute: Displays the path and transit delays of packets across an IP network.
netstat: Displays active network connections, routing tables, and network interface statistics.
ip: Displays and manages network configuration and routing.

Advanced Commands

tcpdump: Captures and analyzes network traffic in real-time.
dig: Queries DNS (Domain Name System) servers for information about host names and IP addresses.
nc: Establishes and manages network connections using TCP or UDP protocols.
ss: Displays information about active TCP and UDP network connections.
route: Displays and modifies the IP routing table.

2. File Management

Basic Commands

ls: Lists files and directories in the current working directory.
cp: Copies files and directories.
mv: Moves or renames files and directories.
rm: Deletes files and directories.
mkdir: Creates new directories.

Advanced Commands

find: Searches for files and directories based on specified criteria.
tar: Archives and compresses files and directories.
gzip: Compresses files.
diff: Compares and displays the differences between two files.
patch: Applies changes to a file based on a patch file.

3. Process Management

Basic Commands

ps: Displays information about running processes.
kill: Sends a signal to terminate a process.
nice: Changes the priority of a process.
top: Displays real-time information about running processes and system resources.
jobs: Displays information about background jobs.

Advanced Commands

strace: Traces and displays system calls and signals made by a process.
lsof: Lists open files and processes that opened them.
nohup: Runs a command and ignores the hangup signal.
bg: Puts a job in the background.
fg: Brings a job to the foreground.

4. System Administration

Basic Commands

[[passwd]]: Changes the password of the current user or another user.
[[chmod]]: Changes the permissions of files and directories.
[[chown]]: Changes the owner and group of files and directories.
[[useradd]]: Adds a new user to the system.
[[usermod]]: Modifies an existing user account.

Advanced Commands

[[sudo]]: Runs a command with administrative privileges.
[[crontab]]: Schedules commands to run at specified times.
[[at]]: Schedules a command to run at a specific time.
[[systemctl]]: Controls and manages the system and service manager.
[[journalctl]]: Views and manages system logs.

5. Text Processing

Basic Commands

[[cat]]: Concatenates and displays files.
[[grep]]: Searches for patterns in a file.
[[cut]]: Cuts and selects fields from a file.
[[sort]]: Sorts the lines of a file.
[[head]]: Displays the first few lines of a file.

Advanced Commands

[[sed]]: Edits and modifies text files based on specified patterns.
[[awk]]: Processes and manipulates text files using patterns and actions.
[[paste]]: Merges lines of multiple files into a single output.
[[diff]]: Compares and displays the differences between two files.
[[uniq]]: Filters out duplicate lines from a file.

6. Disk Management

Basic Commands

[[df]]: Displays the amount of disk space available and used on file systems.
[[du]]: Estimates file space usage.
[[mount]]: Mounts a file system.
[[umount]]: Unmounts a file system.
[[fsck]]: Checks and repairs file systems.

Advanced Commands

[[lvm]]: Manages logical volumes and disk partitions.
[[fdisk]]: Manages disk partitions.
[[parted]]: A partition editor for creating, deleting, resizing, and copying disk partitions.
[[mkfs]]: Creates a file system on a disk partition.
[[dd]]: Copies and converts files and data.

7. User and Group Management

Basic Commands

[[whoami]]: Displays the username of the current user.
[[id]]: Displays information about a user or group.
[[groups]]: Displays the groups to which a user belongs.
[[userdel]]: Deletes a user account.
[[groupdel]]: Deletes a group account.

Advanced Commands

[[usermod]]: Modifies an existing user account.
[[groupmod]]: Modifies an existing group account.
[[useradd]]: Adds a new user to the system.
[[groupadd]]: Adds a new group to the system.
[[chage]]: Changes password expiry information for a user.

8. Package Management

Basic Commands

[[apt]]: A package manager for Debian and Ubuntu distributions.
[[yum]]: A package manager for Red Hat, CentOS, and Fedora distributions.
[[dnf]]: A package manager for modern Red Hat, CentOS, and Fedora distributions.
[[zypper]]: A package manager for SUSE distributions.
[[pacman]]: A package manager for Arch Linux distributions.

Advanced Commands

[[dpkg]]: A low-level package manager for Debian and Ubuntu distributions.
[[rpm]]: A low-level package manager for Red Hat, CentOS, and Fedora distributions.
[[yumdownloader]]: Downloads packages without installing them.
[[aptitude]]: A text-based package manager for Debian and Ubuntu distributions.
[[dnfdragora]]: A graphical package manager for modern Red Hat, CentOS, and Fedora distributions.

9. Backup and Archiving

Basic Commands

[[cp]]: Copies files and directories.
[[tar]]: Archives and compresses files and directories.
[[rsync]]: Synchronizes files and directories between two locations.
[[dd]]: Copies and converts data between files and devices.
[[zip]]: Compresses files and archives them into a single file.

Advanced Commands

[[dump]]: Backs up the entire file system.
[[restore]]: Restores data from backups.
[[rsnapshot]]: Creates incremental backups of file systems.
[[duplicity]]: Performs encrypted incremental backups to remote servers.
[[borgbackup]]: Deduplicates, compresses, and encrypts backups.

10. Useful Matrices and Misc Info